کتاب اصول شاشی [ترکمنی]
ﺛﻢ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ
ﻓﻀﺪ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺨﻔﻲ
ﻭﺿﺪ اﻟﻨﺺ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻞ
ﻭﺿﺪ اﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻞ
ﻭﺿﺪ اﻟﻤﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ
ﻓﺎﻟﺨﻔﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺧﻔﻰ اﻟﻤﺮاﺩ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ {ﻭاﻟﺴﺎﺭﻕ ﻭاﻟﺴﺎﺭﻗﺔ ﻓﺎﻗﻄﻌﻮا ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﻤﺎ}
ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﺴﺎﺭﻕ ﺧﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻄﺮاﺭ ﻭاﻟﻨﺒﺎﺵ
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ {اﻟﺰاﻧﻴﺔ ﻭاﻟﺰاﻧﻲ}
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﺰاﻧﻲ ﺧﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻠﻮﻃﻲ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﺣﻠﻒ ﻻ ﻳﺄﻛﻞ ﻓﺎﻛﻬﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻇﺎﻫﺮا ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻔﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻔﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﻭاﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥﻭﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺨﻔﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺰﻭﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﺨﻔﺎء
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺎ اﺯﺩاﺩ ﺧﻔﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻔﻲ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺧﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﺎﻣﻊ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺎﻝ اﻟﻤﺮاﺩ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﺛﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ
ﻭﻧﻈﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻟﻮ ﺣﻠﻒ ﻻ ﻳﺄﺗﺪﻡ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻞ ﻭاﻟﺪﺑﺲ ﻓﺈﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭاﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭاﻟﺠﺒﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻻﺋﺘﺪاﻡ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻫﻞ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﻭاﻟﺒﻴﺾ ﻭاﻟﺠﺒﻦ ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺛﻢ ﻭﻓﻖ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻞ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﺑﺤﺎﻝ ﻻ ﻳﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺮاﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢﻭﻧﻈﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ {ﻭﺣﺮﻡ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ}
ﻓﺈﻥ اﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺮاﺩﺓ ﺑﻞ اﻟﻤﺮاﺩ اﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ اﻟﺨﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻮﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻭﺭاﺕ اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﺔ ﻭاﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻻ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻓﻼ ﻳﻨﺎﻝ اﻟﻤﺮاﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ
ﺛﻢ ﻓﻮﻕ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻔﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭاﺋﻞ اﻟﺴﻮﺭ
ﻭﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻞ ﻭاﻟﻤﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﺣﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮاﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ