کتاب اصول شاشی [ترکمنی]
ﻓﺼﻞ ﺣﺮﻑ اﻟﺒﺎء ﻟﻹﻟﺼﺎﻕ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺿﻊ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﻟﻬﺬا ﺗﺼﺤﺐ اﻷﺛﻤﺎﻥ
ﻭﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻫﺬا ﺃﻥ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻊ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻭاﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻫﻼﻙ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻊ ﻳﻮﺟﺐ اﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻫﻼﻙ اﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﺇﺫا ﺛﺒﺖ ﻫﺬا
ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ اﻷﺻﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ اﻟﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﻠﺼﻘﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺻﻞ ﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻠﺼﻘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﻊ
ﻓﺈﺫا ﺩﺧﻞ ﺣﺮﻑ اﻟﺒﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺏ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺩﻝ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ ﻣﻠﺼﻖ ﺑﺎﻷﺻﻞ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺛﻤﻨﺎ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﺇﺫا ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺖ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻨﻄﺔ ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎ ﻭاﻟﻜﺮ ﺛﻤﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﺠﻮﺯ اﻻﺳﺘﺒﺪاﻝ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﺾ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺖ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻛﺮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻨﻄﺔ ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺛﻤﻨﺎ ﻭاﻟﻜﺮ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺳﻠﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺢ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺆﺟﻼ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺅﻧﺎ ﺭﺡ ﺇﺫا ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺧﺒﺮﺗﻨﻲ ﺑﻘﺪﻭﻡ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﺣﺮ ﻓﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﺒﺮ اﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ اﻟﺨﺒﺮ ﻣﻠﺼﻘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﻭﻡ ﻓﻠﻮ ﺃﺧﺒﺮ ﻛﺎﺫﺑﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺘﻖ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺧﺒﺮﺗﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻼﻧﺎ ﻗﺪﻡ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﺣﺮ ﻓﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ اﻟﺨﺒﺮ ﻓﻠﻮ ﺃﺧﺒﺮﻩ ﻛﺎﺫﺑﺎ ﻋﺘﻖ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﺇﻥ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪاﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻲ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻛﺬا ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ اﻹﺫﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺇﺫ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺜﻨﻰ ﺧﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﻠﺼﻖ ﺑﺎﻹﺫﻥ
ﻓﻠﻮ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺮﺓ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ اﻹﺫﻥ ﻃﻠﻘﺖ
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺇﻥ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪاﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺁﺫﻥ ﻟﻚ ﻓﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﺫﻥ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ اﻹﺫﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ
ﻭﻓﻲ اﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩاﺕ ﺇﺫا ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ ﺑﻤﺸﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺈﺭاﺩﺓ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺤﻜﻤﻪ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ