ﺛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺻﻞ
ﻭاﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺴﻪ
ﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻹﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ اﻟﺼﻐﺮ ﻋﻠﺔ ﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ اﻹﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻐﻼﻡ ﻓﻴﺜﺒﺖ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻹﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻪ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻴﺐ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﺤﺚ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﻤﺎﻉ

ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ اﻟﻄﻮاﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺴﺆﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺆﺭ اﻟﻬﺮﺓ ﻓﻴﺘﻌﺪﻯ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻰ ﺳﺆﺭ ﺳﻮاﻛﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﻭﺑﻠﻮﻍ اﻟﻐﻼﻡ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻘﻞ ﻋﻠﺔ ﺯﻭاﻝ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻹﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﻓﻴﺰﻭﻝ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺑﺤﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻹﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ اﻟﻄﻮاﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺣﺮﺝ اﻻﺳﺘﺌﺬاﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻠﻜﺖ ﺃﻳﻤﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﺴﻘﻂ ﺣﺮﺝ ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺴﺆﺭ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﺎﻥ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺫﻟﻚ اﻟﺤﺮﺝ ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻪ
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﺼﻐﺮ ﻋﻠﺔ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻟﻷﺏ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﺜﺒﺖ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺑﺤﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﻭاﻥ ﺑﻠﻮﻍ اﻟﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻘﻞ ﻋﻠﺔ ﺯﻭاﻝ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻷﺏ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﺰﻭﻝ ﻭﻻﻳﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﺛﻢ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺠﻨﻴﺲ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ اﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻷﺏ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻝ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﺟﺰﺓ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﺄﺛﺒﺖ اﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻷﺏ ﻛﻴﻼ ﻳﺘﻌﻄﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺤﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﺠﺰﺕ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻮﻻﻳﺔ اﻷﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻧﻈﺎﺋﺮﻩ ﻭﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ اﻷﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﻷﻥ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺃﺗﺤﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﺐ اﺗﺤﺎﺩﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻭاﻥ اﻓﺘﺮﻗﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﻭﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺴﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻤﻤﺎﻧﻌﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﻨﻴﺲ
ﻭاﻟﻔﺮﻕ اﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺼﻐﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ