ﻗﺎﻝ اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ اﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﻧﻊ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ
ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﻭﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻬﺎ
ﻭﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاء اﻟﺤﻜﻢ
ﻭﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺩﻭاﻣﻪ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ اﻷﻭﻝ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﺤﺮ ﻭاﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ ﻭاﻟﺪﻡ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻋﺪﻡ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﺇﻓﺎﺩﺓ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﺳﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ
ﻓﺈﻥ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ اﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻩ
ﻭﻟﻬﺬا ﻟﻮ ﺣﻠﻒ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ اﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﻓﻌﻠﻖ ﻃﻼﻕ اﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﺑﺪﺧﻮﻝ اﻟﺪاﺭ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻨﺚ
ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ
ﻫﻼﻙ اﻟﻨﺼﺎﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺤﻮﻝ ﻭاﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﺃﺣﺪ اﻟﺸﺎﻫﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺷﻄﺮ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ
ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ اﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﻘﺎء اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﻌﺬﺭ
ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﺧﻴﺎﺭ اﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ ﻭاﻟﻌﺘﻖ ﻭاﻟﺮﺅﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ اﻟﻜﻔﺎءﺓ ﻭاﻻﻧﺪﻣﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺏ اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻷﺻﻞ
ﻭﻫﺬا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺟﻮاﺯ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﻓﺈﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺠﻮاﺯ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺎﻧﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ
ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﺑﺘﺪاء اﻟﻌﻠﺔ
ﻭﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻬﺎ
ﻭﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺩﻭاﻡ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ
ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻻ ﻣﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ اﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﺎ ﻟﺜﺒﻮﺕ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻌﺎ ﻟﺘﻤﺎﻡ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻷﺻﻞ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ اﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ