اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻋﻠﻢ اﻥ اﺑﻨﻴﺔ اﻻﻓﻌﺎﻝ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻓﺎﺫا اﺭﺩﺕ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻓﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻓﺎﻛﺴﺮﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﺧﺮﻩ ﻭاﺿﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﻭاﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﺧﻮﻩ ﻭﺿﻤﻢ ﺣﺮﻑ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻭﻫﺬا ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻻﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﻴﺎﺕ اﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﻴﺎﺕ اﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪﺓ اﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻮﻋﻞ ﻳﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻓﺘﻌﻞ ﻳﻔﺘﻌﻞ اﻧﻔﻌﻞ ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻞ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻫﻤﺎ اﻓﻌﻠﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻞ اﻓﻌﻮﻝ ﻳﻔﻌﺎﻝ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ اﻓﻌﻮﻟﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﺎﻟﻞ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﻳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﺗﻔﻮﻋﻞ ﻳﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﻌﻞ اﻓﻌﻮﻋﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻮﻋﻞ اﻓﻌﻮﻝ ﻳﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﻓﻌﻠﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻭ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻞ ﻳﺘﻔﻌﻠﻞ اﻓﻌﻌﻨﻠﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻨﻠﻞ ﺃﻓﻌﻠﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻞ
ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ اﻓﻌﻠﻠﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻠﻞ ﻭاﻋﻠﻢ اﻥ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﺫاﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﻳﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ اﻻ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻻ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ اﻟﺠﺮﻻ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ اﻧﺴﺤﺐ ﻭ ﺗﺪﺣﺮﺝ ﻭاﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ اﻧﺴﺤﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮاﺏ ﻭﺗﺪﺣﺮﺝ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺠﺮ ﻟﻜﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ اﻭﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺣﺮﻑ اﻟﺠﺮﻓﻲ اﻻﻣﺜﻠﺖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﻻﻥ ﻏﺮﺿﻨﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻓﻘﻂ.اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ اﻋﻠﻢ اﻥ اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺤﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻟﻨﻮﻉ اﻻﻭﻝ اﻻﻣﺮ ﺑﻐﻴﺮاﻟﻻﻡ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﻦ اﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ اﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ اﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ اﺳﻜﻨﺘﻪ ﻭاﺳﻘﻄﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻼ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎ ﻭاﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻏﻤﺎ ﻓﻠﻚ ﻓﻰ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻢ اﻟﻀﻢ ﻭاﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭاﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﻭاﻟﺘﺴﻜﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﻚ اﻻﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﻭﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ اﻻﺑﻮاﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ اﻟﻀﻢ ﻭاﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻼ اﺳﻘﻄﺘﻪ ﻭﺛﺎﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻘﻂ ﺣﺮﻑ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ اﻥ کاﻥ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻛﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ اﻻﻣﺮﻭاﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎ ﻓﻔﻰ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻢ ﺗﺒﺘﺪﻯ ﺑﻬﻤﺰﺓ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻧﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺒﺘﺪﻯ ﺑﻬﻤﺰﺓ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻣﺔ ﻭ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا ﺫﻝک ﺗﺒﺘﺪﻱ ﺑﻬﻤﺰﺓ ﻣکﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻴﺘﻢ اﻻﻣﺮﻭاﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﺎﻧﻚ ﺗﻌﻴﺪاﻟﻬﻤﺰﺓ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻗﻄﺔ ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ ﺣﺮﻑ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﺤﺮکا اﻭﺳﺎﻛﻨﺎ ﻓﻴﺘﻢ اﻻﻣﺮ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﺧﺮﻩ اﺿﺮﺏ اﻧﺼﺮ اﻣﻨﻊ اﻛﺮﻡ ﺻﺮﺡ ﺛﺐ ﺿﻊ ﺳﻊ ﺑﻊ ﺩﻡ ﺧﻒ اﻗﻢ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﻤﺪﻏﻢ اﺧﺮﻩ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ اﺭﺩﺩ ﻓﺮ ﻓﺮ اﻓﺮﺭﻋﺾ ﻋﺾ اﻋﻀﺾ ﺣﺎﺏ ﺣﺎﺏ ﺣﺎﺑﺐ اﺣﺘﺞ اﺣﺘﺞ اﺣﺘﺠﺞ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻞ اﺧﺮﻩ اﺭﻡ اﺩﻉ ﺇﺧﺶ اﻫﻞ ﺭﺏ اﺧﺘﻒ اﻧﻘﺾ ﻭاﻟﻨﻮﻉ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ اﻻﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻻﻡ ﻳﺆﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﻴﺔ ﻭاﻟﺤﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻻﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺩﺧﺎﻝ اﻟﻻﻡ اﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻟﻴﻀﺮﺏ ﻻﺿﺮﺏ ﻟﻨﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﻧﺤﻮ ﻟﻴﺮﺩ ﻟﻴﺮﺩ ﻟﻴﺮﺩ ﻟﻴﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ کﺫا ﻻﺭﺩ ﻟﻨﺮﺩ ﻭﻧﺤﻮ ﻟﻴﺮﻡ ﻻﺭﻡ ﻟﻨﺮﻡ ﻭﻳﺆﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏ ﻭاﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ ﻭاﻟﺤﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻻﻭﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺩﺧﺎﻝ اﻟﻻﻡ اﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻟﺘﻀﺮﺏ ﻟﻴﻀﺮﺏ ﻻﺿﺮﺏ ﻟﻨﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻟﺘﺮﺩ ﻭﻛﺬا اﻻﺭﺩ ﻟﻨﺮﺩ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ اﻟﻀﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﺰﻭاﻝ ﻣﺘﺒﻮﻋﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺿﻢ اﻟﺮاء ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻟﺘﺮﻡ ﻟﻴﺮﻡ ﻻﺭﻡ ﻟﻨﺮﻡ.